Orthotics

Orthotics involves the use of synthetic or mechanical devices in order to stabilize, heal, or prevent injury and deformity to weak joints or bones. The most common type of orthotic devices in use act to promote healthy feet. Foot problems such as corns, bunions, fallen arches, and heel pain are common in older people. In addition, conditions that increase in prevalence with advancing age often make footwear choice a problem, e.g. oedema secondary to heart failure. This article is not designed to be an in-depth review of all available orthotics, but a guide aimed at non-specialists to provide an overview of commonly-used devices. We describe the different types of shoes and adaptations available, as well as some foot and lower limb orthotics. We intend to outline the indications for the use of such devices as well as to highlight potential problems.