Validation de l’inventaire des facteurs de résilience (IFR-40)

RésuméCet article a pour objectif de valider la structure factorielle de l’inventaire des facteurs de résilience (IFR-40) auprès d’adolescents au moyen d’une analyse factorielle confirmatoire (AFC). Les analyses réalisées confirment la présence de trois facteurs, interprétés en termes de facteurs de protection familiaux, facteurs de protection individuels et facteurs de protection extrafamiliaux. L’étude de la validité divergente confirme les liens prédits entre l’IFR-40 et l’échelle composite de dépression (MDI-C) de Berndt et Kaiser (1999). Enfin, l’IFR-40 différencie les adolescents exposés à un traumatisme présentant des scores de dépression à la MDI-C de ceux ne manifestant pas de dépression. Ainsi, l’IFR-40 est une échelle tridimensionnelle présentant des propriétés psychométriques satisfaisantes. Les résultats sont discutés à la lumière de leurs implications à la fois théoriques et pratiques.

Bekaert, Masclet and Caron's inventory of resilience factors (IRF-40) is a French measurement scale which measures the protection factors combining to bring about resilience in adolescents. This three-dimension measurement instrument has been worked out on the basis of a literary review aiming at identifying all the protection factors reported in the research studies. An exploratory factorial analysis with oblimin rotation carried out on a sample of 299 adolescents enabled to underline the three-dimension structure (familial protection factors: personal protection factors; extra-familial protection factors) including 40 items. The study of the internal consistency reveals high coefficients for the whole scale (0.91) as well as for the different dimensions (0.77 to 0.91). The examination of the convergent validity shows significant correlations with the life satisfaction scale (r = 0.61) and the psychological well-being scale (r = 0.72). As for the temporal stability (n = 73), a measure of 0.92 was obtained. The present research aims at completing the evaluation of the psychometric properties of the IRF-40 on a sample of adolescents. With the intention of bringing to light the structure of the instrument, a confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) was carried out on 414 adolescents (average age = 14.96). The analyses carried out approve of the three-dimension structure of the scale. The study of the divergent validity (n = 123) has brought to light a high and significant correlation (r = –0.757) between the IRF-40 and Berndt and Kaiser’ s composite depression scale as well as a significant correlation between the IRF-40 and the under scale of the MDI-C (r varies between –0.294 and –0.563). In addition, the IRF-40 enables to differentiate the adolescents exposed to a traumatism and who have depression scores to those who experience no depression. Indeed, the participants not experiencing depression obtain significantly higher scores on the IRF-40 (U = 282.5; P = 0.001) in comparison with the participants experiencing depression. What is more, it appears that the latter score lower familial protection factors (U = 443.5; P = 0.001), personal protection factors (U = 390; P = 0.001) and extra-familial factors (U = 629; P = 0.001) than those who do not experience depression. As a conclusion, the results of the present study show a very probant image of the psychometric qualities of the IRF-40 and support its use on a population of adolescents.