Artrosis y comorbilidad cardiovascular

The relationship between osteoartritis (OA) and metabolic disorders, such as diabetes or dyslipemia, and cardiovascular comorbidity has been well established in epidemiologic studies, especially in the case of knee OA. This association has also been observed between OA and the metabolic syndrome, which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The functional disability resulting from advanced joint disease as well as Joint overload related to obesity and the the frequent coexistence of cardiovascular morbidity in an aging population were the major factors though to be involved. However, this ssociation has also been found in younger patients and in hand OA, thus pointing to the possible existence of additional factors not related to joint overload, diasbility or age. In recent years several metabolic and inflammatory factors present both in OA and in the different cardiovascular risk factors have been implicated, such as lipid homeostasis dysregulation and especially the activity of adipocytokines, cytokines released from adipose tissue with a synergistic action with proinflammatory cytokines and other inflammatory mediators. The evidence for this associations and the possible mechanisms are reviewed.