Burden of pediatric influenza A virus infection post swine-flu H1N1 pandemic in Egypt

ObjectiveTo screen children with influenza like illness or with symptoms of acute respiratory tract infections for influenza A virus infection — post swine flu pandemic era — using rapid influenza diagnostic tests.MethodsDuring two years (2010 & 2011), 1 200 children with influenza like illness or acute respiratory tract infections (according to World Health Organization criteria) were recruited. Their ages ranged from 2-60 months. Nasopharyngeal aspirates specimens were collected from all children for rapid influenza A diagnostic test.ResultsInfluenza A virus rapid test was positive in 47.5% of the children; the majority (89.6%) were presented with lower respiratory tract infections. Respiratory rate and temperature were significantly higher among positive rapid influenza test patients.ConclusionsInfluenza A virus infection is still a major cause of respiratory tract infections in Egyptian children. It should be considered in all cases with cough and febrile episodes and influenza like symptoms even post swine flu pandemic.