Prevalence and structure of multiple chronic conditions in Lithuanian population and the distribution of the associated healthcare resources

• Multimorbidity is becoming a problem in young age groups.
• Multimorbidity increases the risk for 30-day readmission by 61%.
• Home visits are 9.6 times more frequent in multimorbid patients.

BackgroundChronic multiple conditions have become a major threat to the world's healthcare systems within the last years.ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence and structure of chronic conditions in Lithuania and to analyse the utilisation of healthcare resources striving to manage patients with multimorbidity.MethodsIt was based on the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) database, that covered the period from January, 2012 to June, 2014 and included 452,769 subjects. The prevalence of multimorbidity in Lithuania, the structure of chronic diseases within the age and gender groups as well as the association between multimorbidity and facilities usage were analysed.ResultsThe prevalence of chronic diseases in adult Lithuanian population was 17.2%, where 94.6% (N = 428 430) of the chronically diseased subjects had > 1 chronic condition. The number of chronic conditions increased with the age, especially at the age of 45–54 years, and male gender (p < 0.001). 10% of patients had at least 2 chronic diseases at the age of 45 and over.Multimorbidity accounted for 258,761 additional bed days per year nationally and 61% increase in the 30-day readmission rate. Primary care and outpatient visits per 1000 population were 2.1 times more prevalent and home visits were 9.6 times more frequent in multimorbid patients compared to a single chronic disease.ConclusionsMultimorbidity and its increasing prevalence among the younger patients will put additional strain on healthcare resources at an earlier stage by increasing admission, readmission rates and vastly increasing primary care contacts.