Clinical analysis of 121 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy*

ObjectiveSeveral studies have analyzed the clinical profiles of patients diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM). We sought to identify its characteristics in a regional cohort of Nanjing and its adjacent region.MethodsClinical profiles of 121 referred patients were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Data including family history, clinical symptoms, electrocardiography and recent echocardiography were collected.ResultsThe mean age of this population was 42 + 17 years(range from 6 to 76) at diagnosis of HCM. Most patients were male(60%). 48 patients(39.7%) has a family history, 19 had a sudden death in a first degree relative and 96(79.3%) were recognized with cardiac symptoms. Left ventricular outflow obstruction (gradient ≥30 mmHg at rest) was presented in 26(21.5%) patients. ECG abnormalities comprised of arrhythmia in 54(51.4%) and abnormal T wave in 72(68.6%) patients. FS were higher in female than male(P= 0.001). Among younger patients(age > 50 years), LVDd and LVWP were smaller in females than males(P= 0.042 & 0.023 respectively). In older patients(age > 50 years), LVDs was higher in male(P= 0.016) and EF was higher in female (P= 0.048).ConclusionHCM patients in the region are almost diagnosed with the presentation of cardiac symptoms; those without any symptoms could be recognized by ECG and family screening. Most cardiac hypertrophy affects the interventricular septum. LVDd, LVWP, LVDs, FS and EF showed significant differences related to age and gender.