Biological evaluation and spectral characterization of 4-hydroxy coumarin analogues

ObjectiveThe development of antibiotic resistance has recently been recognized as a global health problem. This study was designed to develop new potent molecules that are economic and minimally toxic. The research examined a novel one-step synthetic procedure of bioactive 3-arylazo-substituted coumarin derivatives (4i–4v) and further evaluated their biological actions.MethodsMale and female Wistar rats of appropriate age weighing 180–200 g were used to assess the wound incision, wound excision, acute toxicity and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) models. The synthesized compounds were structurally interpreted with Differential Screening Calorimetry (DSC), FT/IR, 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), LC-MS, UV-Visible and elemental analysis. The synthesized compounds were screened to investigate their in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant and wound healing activities.ResultsA series of 4-hydroxy-3-(arylazo) coumarin (4i–4v) analogues were synthesized by coupling five different aryl diazonium salts with 4-HC in the presence of a 10% NaOH solution. The majority of the compounds showed significant antimicrobial, wound healing and antioxidant properties. The most potent compounds identified in the analysis were 4iv and 4e.ConclusionThis study justifies that both aryl and hetero arylazo analogues of 4-hydroxy coumarin possess significant antimicrobial, wound healing and antioxidant properties.