Early treatment of a Class II Division 1 retruded mandible: Long-term stability

This case report describes the orthopedic/orthodontic treatment of a skeletal Class II retruded mandible in a 10-year-old girl. A two-phase treatment was started with a Kloehn cervical headgear in the late mixed dentition for 1 year followed by fixed appliance for 2 years. Remarkable profile changes and smile aesthetics were achieved. The 10-mm overjet was mostly reduced by growth modification leading to an excellent functional occlusion. Long-term stability at 11 years 5 months posttreatment is reported. Controversial issues such as early versus late Class II treatment, headgear versus functional appliance, and variability in treatment responses are discussed.