A bibliometric review of pharmacy education literature in the context of low- to middle-income countries

ObjectiveThis review systematically identified published literature on pharmacy education in low- and middle-income countries. Specific aims were twofold: Firstly, to systematically identify and quantify published literature on pharmacy education in the context of low- and middle-income countries. Secondly, to explore and understand the major patterns of dialogue in this literature.MethodsThrough bibliometric review, a cohort of publications were quantitatively analyzed to determine paper types, country context, publication by year, and journal source. Through document analysis a narrative of major themes was identified.ResultsA small number of publications (n = 36) were sourced; the majority being letters to the editor, commentaries or viewpoints (80%). The Asian subcontinent (39%), the Middle East (25%) and low-income countries combined (17%) were the dominant geographic areas. There was a peak in publication during 2008 and 2009; a single journal dominated. From narrative synthesis, seven themes emerged and implications for the relevant literature, policy, practice and future research were considered.ConclusionsAside from rhetoric, this bibliometric review demonstrates that there are few empiric publications in the area of pharmacy education in low- and middle-income countries. There is a need for a robust research agenda in order to address both gaps in the research literature; alongside the implications of the findings for educational policy and practice in this context.