Crohn's disease

Understanding the aetiology and pathogenesis of Crohn's disease remains a challenge, but it is clearly an interaction between the environment and a genetically susceptible individual. Multiple genes are being described, each contributing a small degree of susceptibility or protection, but the functional consequences of gene mutations are not known. Diagnostic imaging with capsule endoscopy allows early detection of small intestinal lesions. Improving medical therapy and the early use of immunosuppressives and anti-TNF agents, together with conservative surgical procedures, are having a profound effect on quality of life.