Patología genética y congénita bronquial y pulmonar

Genetic and congenital malformations of the respiratory tract are rare. Organs affected, severity and prognostic varies depending on the embryonic stage in which malformation appears. In most cases, causes are unknown. However genetic factors, exposure to environmental factors, infections, nutrient deficiencies and teratogenic medication during pregnancy have been identified as potentials risk factors. Exact pathogenesis is unknown. Clinical symptomatology of congenital lung malformations varies widely. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital malformations is based mainly on prenatal ultrasound scan or prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). When necessary and possible, surgery is the treatment and allows a definitive diagnosis.