An evidence-based osteopathic approach to Parkinson disease

Osteopathic family medicine offers a unique perspective to Parkinson disease (PD). Patients with PD present with a common set of concerns and symptoms. Application of evidence-based osteopathic manipulative treatment approaches can be utilized to address these clinical issues. This article focuses on the treatment of musculoskeletal somatic dysfunction to optimize health measured by the biomechanical, respiratory-circulatory, neurologic, metabolic or energetic, and behavioral models for patients with PD.