Physical examination of the shoulder joint-Part I: Supraspinatus rotator cuff muscle clinical testing

In this article, common clinical tests to differentiate the etiology of shoulder supraspinatus rotator cuff disorders are presented. The tests presented include the Neer impingement, the Hawkins-Kennedy, the Jobe (empty-can), the painful arc, and the drop-arm tests. This article shows the correct performance and positioning for all tests. Each test is presented with a rational analysis of the test concept, procedure, and clinical application integrated to the relevant underlying basic science.