Diagnosis and management of irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders encountered by family physicians, often as a direct result of significant stressors. Many conditions can present in similar fashion to IBS. Standard criteria using the Rome definition of IBS can assist in making the correct diagnosis. IBS is a disorder characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and severe bowel irregularity and is commonly encountered by family physicians treating patients on a daily basis. It is a relatively benign functional bowel disorder, but is often severely debilitating. The pathophysiology of IBS is poorly understood, in part because of a lack of anatomic signs specific to IBS. This review article presents current therapies targeting the predominant symptoms of diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, or any combination of these in the presenting patient. Overall, providing effective treatment and reassurance is paramount to the psychosocial well-being of the patient.