Recent Advances in the Understanding and Treatment of Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety disorders usually are chronic or recurrent disorders characterized by stress sensitivity and a fluctuating course. Both psychopharmacologic and cognitive–behavioral treatments are well-established, evidence-based treatments for panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and obsessive–compulsive disorder. Exposure-based behavioral treatment is well established as evidence-based treatment for specific phobias. Primary care physicians can make a significant impact on patients' lives by identifying and educating about anxiety disorders, directing patients to appropriate self-help resources, choosing evidence-based drug treatment when indicated, and making referrals for specialist care.