Sigmoid volvulus, acquired megacolon and pseudo-obstruction

This article describes sigmoid volvulus, acquired megacolon/megarectum and pseudo-obstruction, their associated features, clinical presentation, investigation and management. These three disorders present acutely with features of large bowel obstruction. Initial management for all three is conservative in the absence of peritonitis or perforation. Inappropriate surgery may be associated with considerable morbidity and mortality emphasizing the need for a good understanding of the disease process and thorough investigation.