The surgical treatment of intra-abdominal sepsis

Intra-abdominal sepsis is frequently seen and dealt with by surgeons. It presents as a spectrum of conditions from uncomplicated localized infection through to complicated sepsis with generalized peritonitis. Complicated sepsis is frequently associated with a local and a systemic inflammatory response. The development of septic shock is associated with a high mortality. The management of this condition involves a multidisciplinary approach with either radiological or surgical procedures required to definitively deal with the source of the sepsis (source control). The range of surgical procedures includes open or laparoscopic techniques depending on the source and the extent of the sepsis. Adjuncts to source control are effective broad-spectrum antibiotic cover and effective fluid resuscitation.