Intussusception in infants and young children

Intussusception is defined as the invagination of a proximal segment of intestine (intussusceptum) into the more distal segment (intussuscipiens) leading to bowel obstruction. Although this pathology usually afflicts infants aged between 2 months and 2 years and involves the distal ileum and proximal colon, it can be seen at any age. Patients may initially have a subtle presentation but if missed can result in cardiorespiratory collapse and death. Any young child, especially if aged between 2 months and 2 years, presenting with rectal bleeding, vomiting, abdominal pain or a mass or cardiovascular compromise should have the diagnosis of intussusception considered. Circulatory resuscitation is essential before any attempt is made at reduction. Ultrasound usually confirms the diagnosis and radiological reduction is successful in 80% of patients.