Techniques for Holmium Laser Lithotripsy of Intrarenal Calculi

ObjectiveTo describe specific techniques of holmium laser lithotripsy for intrarenal calculi based on characteristics of the stone.MethodsThe dancing, chipping, fragmenting, and popcorn techniques are used to ablate stones ureteroscopically with the holmium laser.ResultsAll techniques lead to successful stone ablation, with the different techniques being applied preferentially to stones with different characteristics.ConclusionHoning precise techniques of ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy can lead to more efficient lithotripsy.