Parental and professional assessment of early child development: The ASQ-3 and the Bayley-III-NL

• The adequacy of a parental screening measure on early child development, the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, is evaluated.
• Two age-cohorts were included and different cutoff points were used.
• Overall, sensitivity was low to moderate ranging from 7% to 77% and specificity was moderate to high ranging from 53% to 99%.
• The ASQ-3 identifies most children without a developmental delay, but sensitivity needs improvement.
• The 18–42 month ASQ-3 age-versions for now have the best potential as a screener for Dutch children.

BackgroundThe Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3) is frequently used for screening developmental delay in problem solving, communication, fine- and gross motor skills and personal-social behavior of infants, toddlers and preschool aged children. The adequacy of the ASQ-3 is evaluated for Dutch children by comparing results of the ASQ-3, completed by parents, to results of a standardized, professionally administered developmental assessment of cognition, fine- and gross motor skills and receptive and expressive communication for infants and toddlers: the Bayley-III-NL.MethodsThe ASQ-3 and Bayley-III-NL were administered to 1244 children aged 1 to 43 months old. Two age cohorts were used: 1) the 2–16 month age-versions; and 2) the 18–42 month age-versions. Cutoff points for all ASQ-3 age-versions were calculated in three ways. Sensitivity and specificity of the ASQ-3 were evaluated with four methods, using different cutoff point combinations of 1 SD or 2 SD below the mean.ResultsOverall, sensitivity was between 7% and 77% and specificity between 53% and 99%. Sensitivity and specificity values were higher for the older age-cohort than for the younger age-cohort. For the older age-cohort, the best sensitivity (69%) and specificity (92%) was found, using 1 SD for the total ASQ-3 score and 2 SD for the Bayley-III-NL subtests as cutoff points.ConclusionsFor the oldest age-cohort, the ASQ-3 for now has the best potential as a screener for Dutch children. The ASQ-3 identifies most children without a developmental delay according to the Bayley-III-NL, but sensitivity needs improvement.