Outcomes of Surgery of Female Urethral Diverticula Classified Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

ObjectivesWe evaluated the surgical outcomes of transvaginal diverticulectomies classified using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsWe evaluated 30 women (mean age: 46.4 yr; range: 31–73 yr) who were followed up for at least 12 mo after urethral diverticulectomies (mean follow-up: 29 mo; range: 12–93 mo). Characteristics of urethral diverticula were confirmed before surgery by MRI. Diverticula were classified as simple, U-shaped, or circumferential according to MRI features. Transvaginal excisions of urethral diverticula were performed using vaginal flaps and three-layer closures. Cure was defined as the absence of a diverticulum and symptoms.ResultsSeventeen cases (57%) had simple diverticula, three (10%) had U-shaped diverticula, and 10 (33%) had circumferential diverticula. After the first operation, 23 cases (77%) were cured. None of the simple diverticula recurred, but 33% of the U-shaped and 60% of the circumferential diverticula did recur. Of the seven recurrent cases, three did not require a second operation because their symptoms resolved. Of the four cases that underwent a second operation, three were cured and one was cured after two additional operations. The success rate for circumferential diverticula after initial diverticulectomies was less than that of simple or U-shaped diverticula (p < 0.05). Location, size, and multiplicity of urethral diverticula did not affect the surgical outcome (p > 0.05).ConclusionsTransvaginal diverticulectomy is effective for treatment of female urethral diverticula. For circumferential urethral diverticula, however, surgical procedures should be adapted to achieve complete resections of the diverticulum.