Surgical Care, Morbidity, Mortality and Follow-up after Nephrectomy for Renal Cancer with Extension of Tumor Thrombus into the Inferior Vena Cava: Retrospective Study Since 1990s

Patients with renal cancer and tumor extension in the inferior vena cava need multidisciplinary cooperation to adapt a good surgical strategy, particularly with the use of CPB. However, the rate of patients free of disease after such surgery was low.