Gonadal structures in a fetus with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome and persistent Müllerian derivatives: comparison with normal fetal development

Our study indicates that testes differentiation and development as well as the expression patterns of AMH, AMHR2, and BMPR1A are independent from AR function, at least up to the second trimester. The mechanisms by which the lack of functional androgen interferes with AMH action and Müllerian duct regression remain undefined.