In vitro maturation of oocytes: uncommon indications

Retrieval of immature oocytes from unstimulated ovaries, followed by in vitro maturation (IVM) was initially proposed to avoid the risks and side effects of exogenous gonadotropin administration. Therefore, during the past decades, IVM was mainly offered to patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) at high risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). However, the development of fertility preservation has recently opened new perspectives in the field of IVM. The present review summarizes uncommon indications of IVM, which is a viable option to treat infertility in patients with ovarian resistance to FSH, but may also be considered to preserve fertility in leukemia as well as before ovarian transposition and endometrioma excision.