Rising use of synthetic mesh in transvaginal pelvic reconstructive surgery: A review of the risk of vaginal erosion

Recently, the use of surgical mesh in pelvic floor surgery has become increasingly popular. While the reduction of surgical failure rates in vaginal reconstructive surgery is of critical importance, the addition of graft materials must be shown to improve anatomical outcomes and at least maintain, if not improve, lower urinary tract, bowel, and sexual function, as well as quality of life for the patient. Synthetic materials still have several disadvantages including vaginal erosion. Several factors contribute to the wide range of vaginal erosion rates, including patient characteristics such as age and estrogen deficiency; operative technique; implant size; and the specific properties of the graft material, such as pore size, stiffness, elasticity, and basic tissue compatibility. It is the aim of this article to present a critical review of the risk of vaginal erosion with use of synthetic grafts during vaginal reconstructive surgery.