In vitro fertilization

Assisted reproduction techniques (ART) have become the ultimate treatment for different types of infertility as it circumvents many natural barriers to conception. Evolution of ART has not only included its indications but also the methods of ovarian stimulation, ovarian monitoring, gamete selection, fertilization techniques, embryo selection and culture and embryo storage. This article reviews the currently agreed and controversial indications of assisted reproduction and the preparatory steps before starting treatment. It also summarizes the basic concepts of pituitary down regulation and various protocols to achieve it, the main clinical and laboratory aspects of treatment cycle and complications of treatment.