Assessment and management of pelvic organ prolapse

Pelvic organ prolapse results from the failure of muscular and fascial supports of the pelvis. Symptoms of prolapse overlap with the dysfunction of other pelvic organs such as the bowel and the bladder. Some degree of prolapse is common in most parous women, but treatment is required only for the symptomatic patients. The past decade has seen several innovations in the treatment of prolapse due to greater understanding of pelvic anatomy and pathophysiology. This review focuses on the clinical assessment of prolapse and the current available evidence on treatment of various compartments.