The science, policy, and ethics of stem cell research

Human embryonic stem cells (ESC) have enormous medical potential, but human ESC research is morally and politically controversial because deriving ESC involves destroying the embryo. Thus, the debate on the morality of ESC research turns to the moral status of the human embryo. The article examines the science behind human ESC research, and then explains three different approaches to the moral status of the embryo. Some of the material in this paper is from previous and forthcoming publications. I argue for a compromise position that accords respect to the embryo as a form of human life, but which is distinct from Kantian respect for persons. I argue further that the distinction between embryos that are left over from infertility treatment and embryos that are created specifically for research purposes has no moral significance, and stems from failing to recognize that human embryos cannot be accorded Kantian respect.