Establishing a hypothermia service for infants with suspected hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy

SummaryThe translation of new treatments based upon established evidence into clinical practice is often difficult. The establishment of a therapeutic hypothermia (TH) service and a related cooling register would provide the opportunity to examine how a new therapy becomes implemented in a country or region. The objectives of a TH program should be: to provide guidance to clinicians who are considering the introduction of this new therapy; to ensure standardized clinical practices; to audit the implementation and conduct of TH; to provide surveillance for cooling-related adverse effects; and to evaluate the subsequent neurodevelopmental outcome. Prior to the use of TH, the most important practices to prioritize during its implementation should be identified and include the following: ensure timely identification of infants with neonatal encephalopathy; develop a coordinated system with the local or regional referral cooling center; develop a transport team capable of performing cooling during transport; ensure that each participating unit has access to a national encephalopathy register, and have developmental follow-up arrangements in place that are appropriate and uniform for the region/country.