Use of intra-arterial nitroglycerin during uterine artery embolization for severe postpartum hemorrhage with uterine artery vasospasm

ObjectiveUterine artery embolization (UAE) is a standard method for treating postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), although uterine artery vasospasm during UAE may lead to failure of hemostasis. Here, we report our experience with a case of PPH in which the bleeding was successfully controlled by intra-arterial administration of nitroglycerin during the second UAE.Case reportA 30-year-old woman experienced PPH following a successful cesarean section, and a UAE was performed. However, 6 hours later, vaginal bleeding restarted; the reason for unsuccessful embolization during the first UAE was vasoconstriction due to hypovolemic shock. We performed a second UAE, but uterine bleeding continued. After intra-arterial administration of nitroglycerin, hemostasis was confirmed, and there was no reperfusion of the uterine artery. After these two UAE procedures, no recurrence of bleeding was observed.ConclusionThus, use of intra-arterial nitroglycerin was effective for controlling uterine artery vasospasm during UAE. However, larger studies are required to confirm these findings.