Real-time voltage control algorithm with switched capacitors in smart distribution system in presence of renewable generations

• We proposed a new real time voltage control model usable in emergency condition.
• This model does not need the load and generation forecast data to regulate voltage.
• Computing time of this model is very low so it has fast response time.
• This approach determines the steps of switched capacitors using real time data.

One of the most important responsibilities of Distribution System Operator (DSO) is to maintain the customer voltage within specified ranges. Capacitor banks have long been used to provide voltage support and to correct displacement power factor on distribution network. This paper presents a new approach for real time voltage control of distribution networks that has improvements over the conventional voltage control models. This approach will be active in emergency conditions where, in real time, the voltages in some nodes leave their permissible ranges. In the proposed model, it is assumed that renewable distributed generations are integrated in the distribution system, and the communication infrastructure of smart grid has already been implemented. Also, all the capacitors are fitted with Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) and are completely accessible and controllable. Unlike previous voltage control methods, the proposed approach does not need the load and renewable generation forecast data to regulate voltage. Moreover, the calculation time of the proposed approach is considerably reduced. The proposed voltage control algorithm is applied on two different models, and each presented model has a substantial improvement over previous models. DSO can choose one of them based on a trade-off between cost and power quality index. To verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control scheme, the developed voltage control scheme is tested on a typical distribution network. The simulation results show that the proposed real time voltage control has the capability to maintain distribution voltage in specified ranges.