A grid operation model: Resource demand for an adequate incident management in high-, medium-, and low-voltage grids

Based on the regulation of grid fees and the regulatory requirements on the quality of supply, grid operators attempt to find an optimal balance between costs and quality of supply. One main aspect of the quality of supply is the non-availability of supply, which strongly depends on the duration of the restoration process after incidents and therefore on the availability of resources. Focusing on the operational processes after incidents in low-, medium-, and high-voltage grids, this paper presents a detailed grid operation model which allows to quantify the relation between the configuration of resources and the corresponding costs and quality of supply. To assess the “risk” of incidents with no interruption of supply, the power-at-risk is introduced. Depending on legal, regulatory, or strategic requirements, the model allows to evaluate and compare different configurations of resources and the resulting quality of supply.