Fault detection in transmission networks of power systems

An online fault detection scheme for a sample power system is introduced in this paper. The detection approach is based on the use of a variable structure system called “sliding mode observer”, where information contained in the output measurements is utilized to detect the onset of faults in the transmission network of the sample power system in real time and online. The power system comprises a generating unit connected to an infinite bus through double line transmission network. The common case of a fault occurring on a transmission line is illustrated through simulation studies.