Optimal placement of capacitors in distribution systems using an immune multi-objective algorithm

This work proposes a two-stage immune algorithm that embeds the compromise programming to perform multi-objective optimal capacitor placement. A new problem formulation model that involves fuzzy sets to reflect the imprecise nature of objectives and incorporates multiple planning requirements is presented. The proposed approach finds a set of non-inferior (Pareto) solutions rather than any single aggregated optimal solution. Additionally, this developed approach eliminates the need for any user-defined weight factor to aggregate all objectives. Comparative studies are conducted on an actual system with encouraging results, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed approach.