Wide area backup protection algorithm for transmission lines based on fault component complex power

• Providing sequence current and voltage phasors of all buses of power system by PMUs.
• FAI criteria based on the fault component sequence voltages.
• FLI criteria based on injected complex power to suspected faulty lines.
• Identifying faulted line in abnormal conditions of power system operation.
• Using only voltage and current phasors and independence from system parameters.

In this paper a new wide area backup protection algorithm based on the fault component complex power is proposed to overcome the problem of maloperation of conventional backup protection in highly stressed conditions of power system operation. Firstly, suspected faulty lines are detected using measured values of fault component voltages known as faulted area identification (FAI) criteria. Then, the fault component voltages and currents provided by phasor measurement units (PMUs) are applied to calculate the injected complex power to both terminals of the suspected faulty lines. The ratio between sum and difference of injected complex power to the both terminals of the suspected faulty lines is used as faulted line identification (FLI) criteria. The simulation studies performed on the IEEE 10 generator 39-bus system verify effectiveness of the proposed algorithm under various conditions and fault types.