Non-Syndromic Supernumerary Caruncles Causing Ocular Irritation After Cataract Surgery: A Critical Review of Caruncular Dysgeneses

A literature review confirms that supernumerary (extra) caruncles coexisting with a normal caruncle are always unilateral and unassociated with any other ocular anomalies, as in the current case. They may, however, cause ocular irritation. They must be distinguished from ectopic (topographically displaced) or dysplastic caruncles that are generally bilateral and often associated with ocular adnexal abnormalities or Goldenhar syndrome. Ectopic or dysplastic caruncles, but not supernumerary ones, are characteristically accompanied by plical abnormalities or its absence. Well-documented supernumerary and ectopic caruncles have always been located in the inferior palpebral conjunctiva.