Myocilin and optineurin: Differential characteristics and functional consequences

Myocilin and optineurin are two genes linked to glaucoma, a major blinding disease characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons. This review describes the characteristics of myocilin and optineurin protein products and summarizes the consequences of ectopically expressed wild-type and mutant myocilin and optineurin in trabecular meshwork and/or neuronal cells. Myocilin and optineurin exhibit differential characteristics and have divergent functional consequences. They contribute to the development of glaucoma probably via distinct mechanisms.