Bilateral subthalamic stimulation improves gait initiation in patients with Parkinson's disease

Impaired gait initiation is one of the typical sign of advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). This is the first study to examine quantitatively the effect of deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus on the performance of gait initiation for patients with advanced PD. A total of 11 patients after surgery of bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) were tested in both the deep brain stimulation (DBS) ON and OFF conditions and/or in both the medication ON (i.e., with the usual dosage of antiparkinsonian medications administered) and OFF (i.e., with the usual dosage of antiparkinsonian medications withheld) conditions. DBS had no effect on the onset of anticipatory postural adjustment (APA). The effect of DBS approached significant level for the onset of swing foot lifting, but reached significant level for the delay of swing foot lifting. DBS significantly increased the amplitude of the APA, amplitude of reactive shear forces on both feet, and amplitude of COP in both anterior–posterior and medial–lateral directions. It is concluded that DBS significantly improved the performance of patients with advanced PD in gait initiation.