Effects of iron content on bismuth molybdate for the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butenes to 1,3-butadiene

BiMoFex oxide catalysts (x = 0–1.00) were prepared by co-precipitation and their catalytic activities in the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butenes were tested. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy showed that the main solid phases were composed of Bi3Mo2FeO12 as oxygen acceptor and Fe2(MoO4)3 as oxygen donor and the mixing of these phases enhanced catalytic activity. XRD patterns showed that Fe2(MoO4)3 was reduced to FeMoO4 during the reaction. The peak temperature of programmed reduction of 1-butene and successive oxidation (TPRO) was dependent on Fe contents in BiMoFex oxide catalysts and was minimized at x = 0.65, which showed the greatest oxygen mobility. The peak position in the low temperature region of TPRO profiles could be correlated with butene conversion and BD yield.

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► β-Bi2Mo2O9 and BiMoFex oxide catalysts as catalysts for oxidative dehydrogenation of 1-butene (ODH).
► Fe addition in Bi–Mo oxide catalyst enables to promote catalytic activity.
► Oxygen acceptor Bi3Mo2FeO12 and oxygen donor Fe2(MoO4)3 for ODH reaction.
► Yield in 1,3-butadiene could be correlated to the lattice oxygen capacity of the catalyst.