How, when, and from whom neck dissection operative technique is learned: An international survey on neck dissection education among head and neck oncologic surgeons

BackgroundThere is a paucity of evidence on how neck dissection (ND) technique is best learned.MethodsOnline survey of the American Head and Neck Society (AHNS).Results283 of the 1010 (28%) AHNS surgeon members completed the survey.Most respondents had 3–4 mentors [n = 157 (55.5%)] that they felt were most influential their ND technique. 134 (47.3% of surgeons who completed a fellowship) felt that fellowship training had the most impact on their ND technique.Most respondents ranked the most effective methods of learning ND operative technique in the following order: 1) physically performing the operation yourself (70.1%), 2) observing the attending perform maneuvers independent of verbal teaching (37.7%) and 3) verbal teaching by an attending in the operating room independent of actual maneuvers (36.3%).ConclusionWhen learning an ND, the most benefit comes from empirical learning in the context a small group of surgeon mentors.