The role of endoluminal self-expanding stents in the management of pediatric tracheal stenosis

SummaryObjectiveReview of our experience in the management of pediatric tracheal stenosis using endoscopic techniques and self-expanding intraluminal stents.MethodsThirteen children (aged 1 week to 14 years) with various causes of tracheal stenosis were treated. A total of 15 stents were used, 13 self-expanding nitinol stents and 3 silicone self-expanding stents. Follow-up ranged from 6 month to 8 years.ResultsThere were no stent related mortalities. Serious complications occurred in 4 patients [30.7%] but all were managed successfully. The most frequent problem was granulation tissue formation. Patient follow-up ranged from 6 months to 8 years. In the short-term (18–24 months) 12 stents remained patent and functional. On the longer term (5 years) 3 stents required removal, one required replacement and another resulted in stenosis.ConclusionEndoluminal stenting can have an increasing role in the management of selected cases pediatric tracheal stenosis with acceptable morbidity and stable long-term results.