Temporal and spatial expression of caudal-type homeobox gene-1 in the development of anorectal malformations in rat embryos

In ARM embryos, an imbalance of spatiotemporal expression of Cdx1 was noted during anorectal morphogenesis from GD13 to GD16. This suggests that downregulation of Cdx1 at the time of cloacal separation into rectum and urethra might be related to the development of ARM.