Correlation of Clinical and Biochemical Findings with Diabetic Ketoacidosis-Related Cerebral Edema in Children Using Magnetic Resonance Diffusion-Weighted Imaging

The degree of edema formation during DKA in children is correlated with the degree of dehydration and hyperventilation at presentation, but not with factors related to initial osmolality or osmotic changes during treatment. These data support the hypothesis that CE is related to cerebral hypoperfusion during DKA, and that osmotic fluctuations during DKA treatment do not play a primary causal role.