Aspergilloma in a hydatid cavity

Aspergilloma is a saprophytic infection that consists of masses of fungal mycelium that occurs in pre-existing cavities usually due to tuberculosis, bronchestasis or pulmonary infraction. However, few cases of aspergilloma within hydatid cyst have been reported in literature.We describe two patients with aspergilloma formed within cyst hydatid. Both patients consulted because of recurrent hemoptysis. In a 52-year-old woman, diagnosis was established by a transthoracic CT biopsy. Treatment consisted of postero-lateral thracotomy with wedge resection of tow aspergilloma in the left upper lobe. In a 56-year-old man, thoracotomy with lower right lobectomy was performed at emergency because of massive hemoptysis. In both cases, patients progressed favourably without antifungal therapy.Aspergilloma is an unusual complication of hydatid cyst. It results from the deterioration of local defence against opportunistic infections. Prognosis appears to be better than aspergilloma within tuberculosis cavities.