Mécanismes physiopathologiques de l'atteinte respiratoire

The respiratory muscles are essential to maintain a tidal volume and ensure good mechanical ventilation. Breathing is constrained by two systems: one active compound comprising the order, the transmission of information through the nerve and the effector (muscle), the other passive corresponding to the load against which the muscles have to struggle to ensure a constant tidal volume. In neuromuscular disorders, impairment of the respiratory muscles action, will lead to respiratory failure. Inspiration is a complex process that involves the diaphragm. Severe diaphragmatic dysfunction will result in a respiratory paradoxical motion, abnormalities in gas exchange and sleep disorders. It is important to know and understand the mechanisms of respiratory failure in order to better detect these abnormalities and improve their care.