Cognitive control network connectivity in adolescent women with and without a parental history of depression

• Adolescent girls with a parental history of depression are at high risk for major depression.
• This risk may be associated with deficits in cognitive control for emotional information.
• Indeed, these girls show behavioral evidence of such deficits.
• We report that they also show neural evidence of these deficits.
• Specifically, connectivity deficits in a network associated with cognitive control of emotion.

BackgroundAdolescent women with a parental history of depression are at high risk for the onset of major depressive disorder (MDD). Cognitive theories suggest this vulnerability involves deficits in cognitive control over emotional information. Among adolescent women with and without a parental history of depression, we examined differences in connectivity using resting state functional connectivity analysis within a network associated with cognitive control over emotional information.MethodsTwenty-four depression-naïve adolescent women underwent resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). They were assigned to high-risk (n = 11) and low-risk (n = 13) groups based their parents’ depression history. Seed based functional connectivity analysis was used to examine group differences in connectivity within a network associated with cognitive control.ResultsHigh-risk adolescents had lower levels of connectivity between a right inferior prefrontal region and other critical nodes of the attention control network, including right middle frontal gyrus and right supramarginal gyrus. Further, greater severity of the parents’ worst episode of depression was associated with altered cognitive control network connectivity in their adolescent daughters.ConclusionsDepressed parents may transmit depression vulnerability to their adolescent daughters via alterations in functional connectivity within neural circuits that underlie cognitive control of emotional information.