Fronto-parietal networks activation during the contingent negative variation period

The preparation for stimuli and responses in which the position and required finger to respond are cued, produces the preparatory activation of the specific neural resources that are going to be needed for the completion of the task. The focus of the present report is to evaluate if the fronto-parietal networks activated in fMRI studies during endogenous attention are also activated during the CNV period using EEG recording. The behavioural responses and 64 EEG channels were recorded during an S1–S2 paradigm similar to Posner central cue paradigms. The LORETA analysis based in the averaging of the z-LORETA values showed that the Brodmann's areas with the highest activation during the CNV period were in the medial and superior frontal areas, fronto-parietal lateral areas (including the premotor cortex) and extrastriate visual cortex. These results suggest that in addition to the previously described activation in premotor-motor, posterior sensory and superior and medial frontal areas, the activation of fronto-parietal networks is a main contributor to the CNV, indicating the endogenous attentional effort during the CNV period.