Effects of stimulation of muscarinic receptors on bladder afferent nerves in the in vitro bladder-pelvic afferent nerve preparation of the rat

►Intravesical administration of oxo-M increased BAN firing. ►Intravesical oxo-M also decreased the threshold and increased the area of APs. ►The excitatory effects of oxo-M on BAN were suppressed by AMN and TNP-ATP. ►The excitatory effects of oxo-M on BAN were eliminated by capsaicin pretreatment.