Postnatal development of neuronal responses to frequency-modulated tones in chinchilla auditory cortex

Responses to cortical neurons to frequency-modulated (FM) stimuli have been described in various adult animal models. Here, we ask whether FM coding at the cortical level is innate or if it is influenced by postnatal environmental experience. We report on the FM response properties of neurons in core auditory cortex of newborn (P3), 1-month-old (P28) and adult (> 1-year-old) anesthetized chinchillas (Chinchilla laniger). Upward and downward linear FM sweeps spanning frequencies from 0.1 to 20 kHz were presented monaurally at speeds of 0.05 to 0.82 kHz/ms. Results indicated that neurons in neonatal pups were responsive to FM stimulation. While we observed a developmental increase in the selectivity of units for FM sweep direction (p < 0.01, one-way ANOVA), selectivity for sweep speed appeared to be established early in development. Chinchilla pup neurons also demonstrated single-peak (single dominant response during FM sweep presentation) and multi-peak (multiple distinct responses during FM sweep) temporal response patterns to FM stimuli similar to those observed in adults. A developmental increase in the proportion of multi-peak units closely paralleled a previously reported increase in the complexity of pure tone receptive fields. We suggest that units in core auditory cortex of the chinchilla are not uniquely activated by FM sounds but that FM responses are largely predictable based on how changing frequency stimuli interact with the tonal receptive fields of neurons in the auditory cortex.