کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
4353213 1615369 2016 18 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Astrocytes, therapeutic targets for neuroprotection and neurorestoration in ischemic stroke
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
استروسیتها، اهداف درمانی برای محافظت از عصب و عصب شناختی در سکته مغزی ایسکمیک
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علم عصب شناسی علوم اعصاب (عمومی)
چکیده انگلیسی


• Astrocytes play essential roles in maintaining normal brain function.
• Astrocytes perform multiple functions both detrimental and beneficial on neurological recovery after stroke.
• These effects designate astrocytes as a promising therapeutic target for neuroprotection and neurorestoration.

Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type within the central nervous system. They play essential roles in maintaining normal brain function, as they are a critical structural and functional part of the tripartite synapses and the neurovascular unit, and communicate with neurons, oligodendrocytes and endothelial cells. After an ischemic stroke, astrocytes perform multiple functions both detrimental and beneficial, for neuronal survival during the acute phase. Aspects of the astrocytic inflammatory response to stroke may aggravate the ischemic lesion, but astrocytes also provide benefit for neuroprotection, by limiting lesion extension via anti-excitotoxicity effects and releasing neurotrophins. Similarly, during the late recovery phase after stroke, the glial scar may obstruct axonal regeneration and subsequently reduce the functional outcome; however, astrocytes also contribute to angiogenesis, neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and axonal remodeling, and thereby promote neurological recovery. Thus, the pivotal involvement of astrocytes in normal brain function and responses to an ischemic lesion designates them as excellent therapeutic targets to improve functional outcome following stroke. In this review, we will focus on functions of astrocytes and astrocyte-mediated events during stroke and recovery. We will provide an overview of approaches on how to reduce the detrimental effects and amplify the beneficial effects of astrocytes on neuroprotection and on neurorestoration post stroke, which may lead to novel and clinically relevant therapies for stroke.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Progress in Neurobiology - Volume 144, September 2016, Pages 103–120
نویسندگان
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